This is usually measured at a time when the subject is completely at rest and in a fasting state. transmission, vehicleborne transmission of an agent by an inanimate object; considered a type of indirect transmission; includes foodborne and waterborne transmission. .css-1w804bk{font-size:16px;}See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. The alternative is adopted if the null hypothesis (see also hypothesis, null) proves implausible. For COVID-19, symptoms appear 2-14 days after infection. life expectancy a statistical projection of the average number of years a person of a given age is expected to live, if current mortality rates continue to apply. environmental factor an extrinsic factor (e.g., geology, climate, insects, sanitation, or health services) that affects an agent and the opportunity for exposure. {\displaystyle \lambda } Broad-spectrum antivirals are needed to safeguard against emerging variants and future pandemics. percentile a set of cut points used to divide a distribution or a set of ranked data into 100 parts of equal area with each interval between the points containing 1/100 or 1% of the observations. variable the degree to which a measurement, questionnaire, test, or study or any other data-collection tool measures what it is intended to measure. biologic transmission see transmission, biologic. No report of Peak expiratory flow rate decreased is found for people with Escherichia urinary tract infection. age-adjusted mortality rate see mortality rate, age-adjusted. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. Despite the availability of vaccines, infection rates remain high due to immune evasive Omicron sublineages. Synonyms of infection infection noun Definition of infection as in virus an abnormal state caused by contact with harmful organisms (such as bacteria or viruses) There is a viral infection spreading among the schoolchildren. case definition a set of uniformly applied criteria for determining whether a person should be identified as having a particular disease, injury, or other health condition. EIS Epidemic Intelligence Service; CDCs 2-year training program in applied epidemiology for public health professionals (/eis). pathogenicity the ability of an agent to cause disease after infection, measured as the proportion of persons infected by an agent who then experience clinical disease. Links to your sources would be appreciated. These proportions are not mortality rates because, in proportionate mortality, the denominator is all deaths instead of the population among whom the deaths occurred. race/ethnic-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, race/ethnic-specific. bar chart, grouped a bar chart displaying quantities of two variables, represented by adjoining bars or columns (i.e., a group) of categories of one variable, separated by space between groups. A. active immunity see immunity, active.. active surveillance see surveillance, active.. age-adjusted mortality rate see mortality rate, age-adjusted.. agent a factor (e.g., a microorganism or chemical substance) or form of energy whose presence, excessive presence, or in the case of deficiency diseases, relative absence is essential for the occurrence of a disease or other adverse health outcome. Pandemic When a new disease spreads to many countries around the world. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. It is usually expressed in terms of kilocalories per square meter of body surface per hour. can be calculated for an infectious disease in an endemic state if homogeneous mixing of the population and a rectangular population distribution (such as that generally found in developed countries), rather than a pyramid, is assumed. incidence rate a measure of the frequency with which new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition occur, expressed explicitly per a time frame. The investigator specifies the type of exposure for each community and then follows the communities health status to determine the effects of the exposure. Sometimes distinguished from an epidemic as more localized, or the term less likely to evoke public panic (see also epidemic). Standard error is computed as the standard deviation of the variable divided by the square root of the sample size. It is a major global health problem. Determine mathematic problems. mean, arithmetic the measure of central location, commonly called the average, calculated by adding all the values in a group of measurements and dividing by the number of values in the group. 10 other terms for infection rates- words and phrases with similar meaning. representative sample see sample, representative. retrospective study see study, retrospective. The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Relationship between hydrocephalus etiology and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in children and review of literature, Another HCV infection after HCV cure most frequent in high risk takers, Prevalence of Linguatula Serrata Infection in Domestic Ruminants in West Part of Iran: Risk Factors and Public Health Implications, Surgical site infections: incidence, bacteriological profiles and risk factors in a tertiary care teaching hospital, western India, THE EFFECT OF REUSABLE VERSUS DISPOSABLE SURGICAL DRAPES ON IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC ELECTRONIC DEVICE INFECTIONS, Sterile or non-sterile gloves for minor skin excisions? Goals: To have real experience in implementing Care of Newborn . "prevalence rates" and "rate of prevalence" Yes, I agree. study, observational a study in which the investigator observes rather than influences exposure and disease among participants. morbidity disease; any departure, subjective or objective, from a state of physiological or psychological health and well-being. The neonatal mortality rate is usually expressed per 1,000 live births. Copy the code below and paste it where you want the visualization of this word to be shown on your page: Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary, the webmaster's page for free fun content, Simulated anthrax attacks and syndromic surveillance, Rise in HCV infection rates linked to OxyContin reformulation, Can pin-site infection be prevented? The literature provides no clear guidance on how best to prevent pin-site infection following orthopaedic surgery, Relationship between hydrocephalus etiology and ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection in children and review of literature, Prevalence of Linguatula Serrata Infection in Domestic Ruminants in West Part of Iran: Risk Factors and Public Health Implications, Surgical site infections: incidence, bacteriological profiles and risk factors in a tertiary care teaching hospital, western India, THE EFFECT OF REUSABLE VERSUS DISPOSABLE SURGICAL DRAPES ON IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC ELECTRONIC DEVICE INFECTIONS, Sterile or non-sterile gloves for minor skin excisions? efficacy the ability of an intervention or program to produce the intended or expected results under ideal conditions. Solve Now. spot map a visual display of the geographic pattern of a health problem, in which a marker is placed on a map to indicate where each affected person lives, works, or might have been exposed. hypothesis, alternative the supposition that an exposure is associated with the health condition under study. cohort, birth a group of persons born during a particular period or year. Quarantine refers to separation of potentially exposed but well persons; isolation refers to separation of ill persons. study, retrospective an analytic study in which participants are enrolled after the health outcome of interest has occurred. study, prospective an analytic study in which participants are enrolled before the health outcome of interest has occurred. The normal range is between 120 and 160 beats per minute. The rate at which an individual, tissue, or organ grows over time. mode the most frequently occurring value in a set of observations (see also measure of central location). These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. Data from these systems are used to learn about health status, health care, provision and use of services, and the impact of services and programs on health. sentences. The roles of different age groups in propagating Omicron epidemics in the whole . prevalence the number or proportion of cases or events or attributes among a given population. Usually, the cases are presumed to have a common cause or to be related to one another in some way. prevalence rate the proportion of a population that has a particular disease, injury, other health condition, or attribute at a specified point in time (point prevalence) or during a specified period (period prevalence). Synonyms for INFECTED: poisoned, septic, tainted, polluted, invaded, contaminated, spoilt, affected, afflicted, defiled, soiled, corrupted; Antonyms for INFECTED . outbreak, point-source a common source outbreak in which the exposure period is relatively brief so that all cases occur within one incubation period. table an arrangement of data in rows and columns. We used mRNA display under a reprogrammed genetic code to find a spike-targeting macrocyclic peptide that . In calculating neonatal mortality rates, the numerator is the number of deaths among this age group during a given period, and the denominator is the number of live births reported during the same period. The metabolic rate as measured 12 hr after eating, after a restful sleep, with no exercise or activity preceding testing, with elimination of emotional excitement, and at a comfortable temperature. {\displaystyle \beta } incidence proportion the fraction of persons with new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition during a specified period, calculated as the number of new cases divided by the size of the population at the start of the study period (see also attack rate). So even though cases overall grew, hospitalizations and deaths were down and that makes sense because younger people are more likely to experience mild or symptom-free, In other words, its hard to predict how many people might die of widespread, Some feared coming to work while others walked out of plants to protest the lack of, Data gathered in West Africa and elsewhere during the 1990s also built a case that BCG vaccination, in addition to preventing tuberculosis, protected people from a broad set of, They also refer to a recent study in Syrian hamsters that also suggested masking results in milder, Moving forward, medical innovation can play a substantial role in controlling and preventing, Thats still above the national average for new, THE NEW COVID-19 CASE SURGE IN EUROPE, EXPLAINED. Case-control studies are inherently retrospective. Columns are drawn so that their bases equal the class intervals (i.e., so that columns of adjacent intervals touch), and their heights correspond to the class frequencies. Synonyms for Infection Rates (other words and phrases for Infection Rates). dose-response association between an exposure and health outcome that varies in a consistently increasing or decreasing fashion as the amount of exposure (dose) increases. frequency distribution a complete summary of the frequencies of the values or categories of a variable, often displayed in a two-column table with the individual values or categories in the left column and the number of observations in each category in the right column. It increases, for example, in hyperthyroidism. See how your sentence looks with different synonyms. Normal, bell-shaped distributions are symmetrical; the mean, median, and mode are the same. rates of infection. For example, the 5th percentile is a cut point with 5% of the observations below it and the remaining 95% above it. Synonym: Noninflammatory Retina Disease. (2) A system for early detection of outbreaks whereby health department staff, assisted by automated acquisition of data routinely collected for other purposes and computer generation of statistical signals, monitor disease indicators, particularly those associated with possible terrorism-related biologic and chemical agents, continually or at least daily to detect outbreaks earlier than would otherwise be possible with traditional public health methods. {\displaystyle \lambda } infection contagion, contamination, corruption, defilement, poison, pollution, septicity, virus English Collins Dictionary - English synonyms & Thesaurus See also: inflection, injection, infectious, infect Collaborative Dictionary English Thesaurus payday loan n. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. x-axis the horizontal axis of a rectangular graph, usually displaying the independent variable (e.g., time). Alexander COVID News-Dr. Paul Elias Alexander's Newsletter DEVASTATING Australian NSW data showing the quadrupled COVID mRNA vaccinated (4 shots) have massive spikes in hospitalization & death! [1] Because it takes account of susceptibility it can be used to compare the rate of transmission between different groups of the population for the same infectious disease, or even between different infectious diseases. In epidemiology, the data are usually summaries of the frequency of occurrence of an event or characteristic occurring among different groups. trial, clinical an experimental study that uses data from individual persons. mortality rate, sex-specific a mortality rate among either males or females. propagated outbreak see outbreak, propagated. If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. asymmetrical a type of distribution where the shape to the right and left of the central location is not the same. Easily, or capable of being, transmitted to others contagious communicable catching transmittable transmissible spreading infective pestilent transferable pestilential pandemic epidemic epizootic virulent spreadable catchable contaminating conveyable mephitic vitiating catchy pestiferous taking endemic communicative pernicious uncontrollable prevalence rates. https://www.freethesaurus.com/infection+rate. In calculating postneonatal mortality rates, the numerator is the number of deaths among this age group during a given period, and the denominator is the number of live births during the same period.. is the average age of infection. portal of exit a pathway by which an agent can leave its host. measure of spread a measure of the distribution of observations out from its central value. is that data on the average age of infection is very easily obtainable, even if not all cases of the disease are reported. vehicle an inanimate object that can carry an agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host (e.g., food, water, blood products, and bedding) (see also transmission, indirect). cohort a well-defined group of persons who have had a common experience or exposure and are then followed up, as in a cohort study or prospective study, to determine the incidence of new diseases or health events. What is the rate of alcoholism in the USA compared to other countries in the world. Among countries with both high vaccination rates and high rates of Covid-19 infection, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows. study, cohort an observational analytic study in which enrollment is based on status of exposure to a certain factor or membership in a certain group. surveillance, active public health surveillance in which the health agency solicits reports. For the majority of data, the midrange is calculated by adding the smallest observation and the largest observation and dividing by two. The film was rated excellent by 90 per cent of children. The midrange is usually calculated as an intermediate step in determining other measures. Payday lending is an established form of lending in the US and Canada. Our aims were to increase (1) pneumococcal conjugate vaccine . No, I disagree. This type of graph is useful for identifying medians and quartiles and other percentiles. Search. Rates Of Infection synonyms - 8 Words and Phrases for Rates Of Infection. rate of infection synonym Black&Red Black&Gold Black&Bluish purple Black&Purple Black&Black control in a case-control study, a member of the group of persons without the health problem under study (see also comparison group and study, case-control). CDC twenty four seven. direct transmission see transmission, direct. Infectious Disease A disease caused by a microbe, and the microbes that cause infectious diseases are referred to as pathogens Infection -Synonym for infectious disease -Microbiologists reserve it to mean colonization of pathogen; may or may not go on to cause disease Infection vs. Infectious Disease The quantity of medicine or radiation administered per unit of time. infection rates. Learn a new word every day. Data as of December 2022 and NOTE: dose response & no vaxxKeep in mind that wherever there has been elevated COVID vaccine rates, there are elevated excess infections and Q. I was wondering the rate at which alcohol induces brain damage. Objectives In late December 2022, rates of mortality in France (over 2,500 daily deaths) have reached levels not seen since April 2020, with the most pronounced increase in mortality recorded in nursing homes. neonatal mortality rate see mortality rate, neonatal. chartjunk unnecessary or confusing visual elements in charts, illustrations, or graphs. Infection control and hospital epidemiology are akin to public health practice, practiced within the confines of a particular health-care delivery system rather than directed at society as a whole.Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the healthcare setting, whether among patients, from patients to staff, if this or if that is the case; if this or if that continues. exposure having come into contact with a cause of, or possessing a characteristic that is a determinant of, a particular health problem. Epidemics of Omicron and influenza have both contributed to those high mortality levels in late 2022. Epitomizing this problem is the Staphylococcus . Organizationally, NCHS is a component of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, one of the agencies of the US Department of Health and Human Services. A record represents data related to a single case. 1 mechanical transmission see transmission, mechanical. These cookies may also be used for advertising purposes by these third parties. The time it takes for someone with an infection to start showing symptoms. Synonyms for 'Rate of infection'. Securing a medical care provision system. The term was first used by Edward Tufte in his book, The Visual Display of Quantitative Information (1983). endemic the constant presence of an agent or health condition within a given geographic area or population; can also refer to the usual prevalence of an agent or condition. evaluation systematic and objective examination of activities to determine their relevance, effectiveness, and impact. the webmaster's page for free fun content, Fixing HIV spending: leading AIDS advocates agree that a doubling of federal funding could make a dramatic difference in the fight against the disease, though they diverge when asked how they would allocate the additional money, Simulated anthrax attacks and syndromic surveillance, In Africa, a town unravels: AIDS is rapidly stealing the life from a village in Swaziland, Infectious disease: the human costs of our environmental errors, Rise in HCV infection rates linked to OxyContin reformulation, Can pin-site infection be prevented? line graph, arithmetic-scale a graph that displays patterns or trends by plotting the frequency (e.g., number, proportion, or rate) of a characteristic or event during some variable, usually time. Populations are followed, and disease, death, or other health-related outcomes are documented and compared. . epidemiology, descriptive the aspect of epidemiology concerned with organizing and summarizing data regarding the persons affected (e.g., the characteristics of those who became ill), time (e.g., when they become ill), and place (e.g., where they might have been exposed to the cause of illness). Synonymsfor Infection rate 35 other terms for infection rate- words and phrases with similar meaning Lists synonyms antonyms definitions sentences thesaurus phrases suggest new cancer rates contamination level high prevalence hiv infection hiv prevalence hiv-infection rate incidence rate infection rates level of contamination level of infection 3. a fixed charge per unit of quantity: a rate of 10 cents a pound. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Unit-specific infection control data showed that VRE infections decreased by 70% (n = 33 before and n = 10 after) in a 19-month period after the intervention. Global daily statistics. age-specific mortality rate see mortality rate, age-specific. 4. The null hypothesis is used in conjunction with statistical testing. Each cause of death is expressed as a percentage of all deaths, and the sum of the proportionate mortality for all causes must equal 100%. map, area (shaded, choropleth) a visual display of the geographic pattern of a health problem, in which a marker is placed on a map to indicate where each affected person lives, works, or might have been exposed. CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website. case-control study see study, case-control. transmission, vectorborne transmission of an agent by a living intermediary (e.g., tick, mosquito, or flea); considered a type of indirect transmission. attribute a risk factor that is an intrinsic characteristic of the individual person, animal, plant, or other type of organism under study (e.g., genetic susceptibility, age, sex, breed, weight). rates of hiv aids. Synonym: Upper Respiratory Tract Infections, Recurrent. These infections are usually acquired after hospitalization and manifest 48 hours after admission t Hospital Acquired Infections Book Well, at any rate, let me thank you for all you did. A survival curve can also be used to depict freedom from a health problem, complication, or another endpoint. {\displaystyle 1/A} In statistics, the frequency and pattern of the values or categories of a variable. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. synonyms. normal curve the bell-shaped curve that results when a normal distribution is graphed. incidence a measure of the frequency with which new cases of illness, injury, or other health condition occurs among a population during a specified period. There are more than 100 varieties of human papillomavirus (HPV). contact exposure to a source of an infection; a person who has been exposed. rate of prevalence. suggest new. birth rate, crude the number of live births during a specified period divided by the mid-period population, usually expressed per 1,000 population. NOTE: Effective February 1, 2023, the Coronavirus Tracker has switched from LIVE to Daily Updates. health indicator any of a variety of measures (e.g., mortality rate) that indicate the state of health of a given population. In other words, predictive value positive the proportion of cases identified by a test, reported by a surveillance system, or classified by a case definition that are true cases, calculated as the number of true-positives divided by the number of true-positives plus false-positives. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced searchad free! the population is growing at an alarming rate, he is the least appealing, to me at any rate, I don't know what happened, at any rate she didn't turn up, there is a reduced rate for children under 12. how do you rate his performance on a scale of one to ten? The average age of someone with a breakthrough infection was 42, and it's notable that only one person was known to have a weakened immune system. immunity, herd the resistance to an infectious agent of an entire group or community (and, in particular, protection of susceptible persons) as a result of a substantial proportion of the population being immune to the agent. prevalence rates. Synonym: The number of deaths in 1 year of infants aged 0 to 28 days divided by the number of live births in that same year. fomite an inanimate object that can be the vehicle for transmission of an infectious agent (e.g., bedding, towels, or surgical instruments). Historic example of death rates (per 100,000) for leading causes of death for men aged 2544 years. Roget's 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition Copyright 2013 by the Philip Lief Group. person-time the amount of time each participant in a cohort study is observed and disease-free, often summed to provide the denominator for a person-time rate. The infection rate in reactivated disease is approximately 15%-20%. MRSA infections decreased by 63% (n = 19 before and n = 7 after) in a 19-month period after the intervention. analytic epidemiology see epidemiology, analytic. {\displaystyle \lambda } Normally it is less than 10 mm/hr in men and slightly higher in women. period prevalence see prevalence, period. The comparison group provides an estimate of the background or expected incidence of disease (in a cohort study) or exposure (in a case-control study).
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