They are categorized by family deity and single gotra. How Do Different People Assess Social Change In Nepal? We welcome. The villages are generally situated near rivers or springs, and the homes are connected by footpaths. This page was last changed on 2 September 2022, at 05:52. Although most Nepalese are Hindus, there are still a large number of Buddhists and Muslims. After the rise Rana dynasty(Kunwars), the number changed to 10 Basnyats, 1 Pandes, 3 Thapas and 26 Kunwar officers totaling to 61 Chhetri officers in the year 1854 A.D.[19], Chhetris dominated the position of the senior officers of the Nepali Army comprising 74.4% of total senior officers in 1967. The surnames with this gotra are Lamsal, Dahal, Kunwar, Rupakheti, Rana, Bhatta, Kharaal. Table 2.2 Main Nepal Caste and Ethnic Groups with Regional Divisions and Social Groups (from 2001 Census) 3 Table 4.1 Wealth Quintiles 6 Table 4.2 Household Facilities 7 Table 4.3 Antenatal Care 11 Table 4.4 Early Childhood Mortality Rates 15 Table 4.5 Women's Participation in Decision making by Caste/Ethnicity and Regional Identify 28 . When they are about eight years old, the children begin doing domestic chores. [6] The bulk of prime ministers of Nepal before the democratization of Nepal belonged to this caste as a result of the old Gorkhali aristocracy. The Achut perform the most polluted tasks, such as cleaning bathrooms. New believers are considered off limits - the caste you do not mix with. His tally of 84 puts him as the fifth-highest goalscorer jointly with Ferenc Pusks in the . In the end, Kunwars betrayed Thapa groups by murdering the Thapa leader Mathabar Singh Thapa. Most of the farmers raise buffalo and goats for meat and cows for milk. Sanskrit verse from Geeta explains the basis of ethics Kshetris have derived from: . There are many rites of passage for children, such as the first rice feeding and the first haircut. Here are some most common Nepali surnames - Adhikari, Poudel/Paudel,Bhatttarai,Nepal,Dahal,Regmi,Khanal,Ghimire,Pokharel,Magar,Shreshtha,Gurung,Rai. The Nepalese Chhetri are the major ethnic group in Nepal. Master list of ALL Nepali Surnames/Clans (2023) - lixoti.com . Gandhi arrived in Durban, Natal (now kwaZulu-Natal) Blue is the color of all-inclusiveness. In rare instances a representative photo may be used. marrying others' wife, is not allowed. Girls help care for the younger children, carry food for the animals, and haul water. [10][11] Almost all Chhetris are Hindu. gelal caste in nepal gelal caste in nepal (No Ratings Yet) . One of the most excellent Rishis, according to Hindu sacred texts, is Kaundinya after whom the Gotra Kaudinya received its name. Populations are scaled to the current year. Sometimes she also decides to fight for a higher position herself. Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced ; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. Classical dance, which happened in Nepal, is completely based on ancient culture and is founded for a . The man is responsible for the plowing and proper maintenance of the terraces. Kshetris are the second largest Hindu group with Hindu population of 43,65,113 (99.3% of Kshetris) as per the 2011 Nepal census. Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha . (Census, 2001), In recent times, following the overthrow of the Nepali monarchy and move towards a federal republic, ethnicity and caste have taken center stage the indigenous peoples (Adivasi Janajati) who make up a third of the country having been guaranteed rights that have not yet been fulfilled. [2] With Nepal's step towards freedom and equality, Nepal, previously ruled by a Hindu monarchy, was a Hindu nation which has now become a secular state. Magar Thapa are member of Tibeto-Burmese ethno-linguistic society whose language, culture and background is Tibeto-Burmese. 10.3126/hjsa.v4i0.4672. It was rooted in traditional Hindu Law and codified social practices for several centuries in Nepal. The Nepalese caste system broadly borrows the classical Hindu Chaturvarnashram model, consisting of four broad social classes or varna: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Sudra. If these major three communities (upper-caste Khas (Bahun & Chhetri) and upper-caste Newars (Shresthas) or the 'BCN' combine their shares in the Government of Nepal, civil service employment is 89.2% in 1991. While Kshetri . Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced[tsetri]; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. They are known for their cheerfulness, good humor, resourcefulness, and self-confidence. Nepali folk dance is the traditional dance which is performed in Nepal with the help of folk music and song. Most surnames in Atri Gotra includes Arjel/ Arjyal, Bhatta, Chapagain, Khatiwoda, Ojha, Wosti, Gotama, Bam (Rakse Thakuri), Mishra, Adhikari. Hindu houses are illuminated with a multitude of lamps both from the outside and inside and illuminate with light throughout the night. Kshetri do not consume pork like Rajputs which is a basis of cultural difference. The above-mentioned table clarifies that the majority of people i.e. In 2001 the CBS recorded only nine groups in the caste-origin Hill Hindu groups. [14], The most prominent feature of Nepalese Chhetri society has been the ruling Shah dynasty (17682008)[note 1], the Rana Prime Ministers (18461953), Pande family, Thapa family, Basnyat family,. Sankhadhar Sakhwa (879 AD) philanthropist, related to Nepal Sambat. The clothes are used according to their geographical belt in Nepal. Also, girls go through puberty rites and boys go through initiations known as "sacred thread ceremonies." Now, they usually marry later, but still do not begin living with their husbands until they have matured. Register It is she who takes care of children, home, preparing meals, as well as the mowing in the backyard garden and plant care. Before making travel plans based on data presented here, please confirm with other sources to the extent possible. If the funeral ritual is not celebrated, the deceased can not go further and instead will haunt the living in the form of an evil spirit. The Nepali civil code Muluki Ain was commissioned by Jung Bahadur Rana after his European tour and enacted in 1854. Regardless of which caste or ethnicity you belong to, it is just a form of identification but nothing more. Chhetri dominated the military forces of Shah dynasty of Nepal. When a boy turns 7, his hair is cut off a small strand of hair is left behind to indicate that he belongs to the Hindu culture and formally becomes a member of the caste. Kashyap gotra, kaushik gotra, bhardwaj gotra, kaundinya gotra and more. In the rural context, the traditional subsistence agriculture system and age-old caste structure have significantly changed, and a relationship based on wage labour on land is being developed.[25]. Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages). Nearly, only one Chief of Army Staff (Chhatraman Singh Gurung) belonged to Non-Chhetri/Thakuri caste. More than fifty (52.0%) of Hill Dalits, 47.0% of the Tarai Dalits, 48.0% of the Muslims and 30 percent of the Hill Adivasi Janajatis have never been to school. [8] Kshetri dominate the military forces with nearly all high ranked officers belonging to either Kshetri or Thakuri caste. The second is karma, or the law of cause and effect it means that the current state of affairs exists as a result of behaviors in the past and in previous lives. So lets make our world a better place and treat each other as humans and peers rather than people of castes. The population of Newars (all castes) is around 5%, but its occupancy in the civil service is more than one-third (33.2%), although vast majority of this share comes from the minority upper-caste segments of the Chathariya and Panchthariya Shrestha Newars. The legal recognition to caste and all the discriminatory laws made on the grounds of caste were ceased. Historically, Kshetri has been part of the some of the powerful Pahari empires as Khas Empire and Gorkha Empire. They service the cutting and sale of chicken and goat meat, but they will not touch beef or buffalo meat, which they consider unclean. ", "History of Dalit movements in Nepal: Much has been achieved, but discrimination still exists". Khas Chhetris were traditionally considered a division of the Khas people with Khas Brahmin (commonly called Khas Bahun). He cursed Yama with mortality. This in turn will make them easier to be preserved since a tradition or a ritual only truly dies when no one remembers it. Then there are prayers for harvest and prosperity for a given year. A small proportion of Muslims also live in the city. [6], The earliest detailed record of the caste system in Nepal has been found in Kathmandu Valley from the 5th century CE during the Licchavi period (400-750 CE) with mentions of the presence of Brahmans (Vedic priests) and Chandala (untouchables). Their dominance is reflected in education, administration and economical activities of the nation. There are also a number of larger towns where the important temples or monasteries are located. The Nepalese caste system was the traditional system of social stratification of Nepal. They do not marry with the members of their whole maternal clan and members of their parents' maternal families as per popular quote. Warriorhood, governance, administration, honesty and integrity has been linked to Kshetris. Basistha surnames are Bhandari, Bhattarai, Suyal, Kharel, Gaire, Mudabhari, Raut, Thangsine, Pathak, Chalise, Gamnage. 7188, This page was last edited on 5 October 2022, at 18:20. Arjal. Some of the biggest ethnicities are the Brahmin-Chhetri, Magars and Newars. Kathmandu consists largest Kshetri population.[7]. In great need of spiritual renewal and commitment to biblical faith. The Sage Atreya is the person behind Atreya Gotra. [6] that marginalized the monarchy, and the Chhetri presence in the armed forces, police, and Government of Nepal. There are . After the Rana regime, caste rules relating to food, drink and intercaste marriage were openly louted but the Muluki Ain had not been abrogated. 46, No. Kshatriya caste of patrilineal Khas-Aryan descent, "Kshetriya" redirects here. Here is the most comprehensive list of Nepali surnames and titles of various ethnic groups of Nepal. Brahmini and Chhetri receive medical help from various sources, both from Ayurvedic medicine physicians, from the Buddhist lama if he enjoys the reputation of a healer or from a shaman who recommends treatment by entering into a trance or from a certified doctor of Western medicine. With the exception of what is passed on to daughters in the dowry, all property, especially landed property, is taken over by sons. Then the cleansing ceremony is performed and the name is given. However, this has not happened yet but we are hopeful. Kshetri has hundreds of clans. In this process the left outs were oppressed class (Dalits), women, the poorest of the poor, powerless and the second class citizen and indigenous nationalities (Adivasi Janajatis). Transliteration: Shauryam Tejo Dhritirdakshyam Yuddhe Chapyapalayanam. However, this has not happened yet but we are hopeful. All of these groups have held onto their traditional animistic beliefs (a belief that non-human objects have spirits). Dashain and Tihar are primary festivals of Pahadi Hindu castes. Dalits and Labour in Nepal: Discrimination and Forced Labour. Nepal's caste system was and continues to be quite complex. They are excluded from and considered ritually unclean by the other classes of Hindus. Kshetri commonly have warrior like deities as Bhadrakali, Kalika Bhawani and different forms of Goddess Kali as female deity and Rudra, Veerbhadra (ferocious forms of Shiva) as male deity. All first-line cousins are titled with terms intended for siblings. Data is not as precise as it appears. There are many different gotras among the Brahmin community in Nepal, and each gotra has its own set of customs and traditions. The surnames are Bhusal, Pangeni, Basnet, Rijal, Humagain, Khadka, Dhamala, Guragain. Baptism is considered the ultimate proof of conversion, and the person performing the baptism can face up to a six-year prison term. ethnic identity, or the caste system in Nepal. Living in rural areas, Brahmans and Chhetri usually support Newar shopkeepers in their commercial activities. [7] How many caste are there in Nepal? These various cultural groups belong to four distinct language groups: Maithili, Bajika, Bhojpuri, and Awadhi. Shukra Raj Shastri (1894-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. The surnames under Kaushik gotra are Baniya, Thami, Phuyal, Luitel, Basnet, Budhathoki, Bistha, Basnet, Bidari, Dhungana, Dhital, Gaudel, Majhi, Pudaisini, Regmi, Sanjel, Sijapati, Dhital, Dhungana, Raghubansi, Rimal, Khadka, People with Gautam gotra have the following surnames, Dangal, Pandey, Tripathi, Chanda, Bam, Tiwari. Historically, the caste system justified the subjugation of lower castes, allowing upper-caste Nepalis to use their status to gain security and power. Some of the different castes and the respective dresses worn by them are Bahun, Chhetri, Gutung, Limbu, Magar, Maithili, Newar, Raute, Rai, etc. A family dying man takes to the river, all rivers are considered sacred. Dhimal Caste. Here's an article on gotra list with surnames in Nepal. Social exclusion and Maoist insurgency. Furthermore, many of us have little knowledge about the category of caste we fall into. Karmacharyas and Joshis were all-together stripped off their Brahmin status by these new and arguably more well-read Brahmins, and assimilated them in the Kshatriya/Chathariya. are found . The caste system defines social classes by a number of hierarchical endogamous groups often termed jaat. Ask God to bless worship and intercession by Christians from other countries who come to prayer-walk in Nepal. ), Khulal, Kshetri, Mahat, Mahatara, Pande/Pandey, Punwar, Pwar, Kunwar, Lama, Rana, Mhyak Rana, Ranabhat, Rayamajhi, Raya, Rathor, Raut, Rawat, Rawal, Rayamajhi, Rokaya/Rokka/Rokaha, Pulami, Silwal, Suyal, Swar, Sauka, Sijapati, Sinjapati, Sakya, Sutar, Saod, Saud, Tandon, Thapa etc. Side Note* This list is purely for educational purposes and is here just to give you information. In Nepal, the Brahmin caste is traditionally considered to be one of the four main castes, along with Chhetri, Vaishya, and Sudra. 48.61% of the total population speak the language as a mother tongue. Gurung, H. (2005). Caste has been the central feature in Nepal to . At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Budhiganga Municipality had a population of 21,700. Bratabandha Ceremony in Nepal What is it and How it Gunyo Cholo in Nepal Dress / Ceremony / Age, ()- Pachbhaiya (Maharashtra), ()- Patil (Maharashtra), () Bhandari (Thansinghe), ()- Bhandari (Suntakhane), ()- Rajopadhyaya (Suvedi), ()- Rajopadhyaya (Risala), ()- Rajopadhyaya (Rimal), () Rajopadhyay (Acharya), () Khoptari (Budhathoki), () Ghimire (Chitikhole), (/) Thapa (Bhandari/Bhandare), // Bharadwaj / Atri / Atreya, // Shandilya / Bharadwaja / Kaushik, // Bharadwaj/Atri/Atreya, // Kashyap/Gautam/Bhardwaj, / () Pokhrel/Pokharel (Dangali), (/) Bishta (Kharkhole/Ghyara), () Budhathoki (Shogari), () Budhathoki (Khaptari), () Bhandari (Thansinge), () Bhandari (Suntakhane), () Mahataro (Chhetriya), () Mahatara (Chhetriya), / () Chanyo/Chancho (Thakuri), / () Chan/Chand (Kama Unipyunani), ( ) Thakuri (Syangajali Khamdi), /( ) Thakunna/Thaguna (Sinha Thakuri), ( ) Bama (Rakse Thakuri), ( ) Bama (Chatyala Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Samala Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Parvate Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Doteli Thakuri), ( ) Malla (Achami Thakuri), / () Rana/Ranaji (Kunwar), ( ) Som Vanshi (Achhami Atrithakuri), ( ) Shah (Raskoti Thakuri), ( ) Shah (Meghali Thakuri), ( ) Shah (Kaskeli Khand), ( ) Shah (Kalyal Thakuri). People believe he named God Krishna. The surnames which have Maudagalya gotra are Karki, Kuinkel, Upreti, Koirala, Simkhada, Timalsina. Though the Newah are scattered throughout Nepal, they are primarily concentrated in the Katmandu Valley and in surrounding countries. It is said that there are the main 8 gotras evolved from the Rishis (sages) who were mind-born sons of Bramha, one of the Hindu Trinity. All Brahmini and Chhetri are Hindu and profess most basic Hindu beliefs. [1][12], Hierarchies of Major Caste/Ethnic Groups in Nepal according to Muluki Ain:[17][18], Terai Brahmin (referred in the code as Indian/Desi Brahmin) (no mention of Terai Kshatriya groups), Gurkha clans - Gurung, Magar, Kirat (Rai and Limbu). After two weeks, a great feast takes place. Joshua Project makes every effort to ensure that the subject in an image is in fact from the specific people group. In the times of unification of Nepal, Kshetris were more rigid to worship of ferocious forms of Godess Kali and Lord Shiva. Prayer is the key to reaching the Nepalese with the Gospel. [23] These number varied after the democratization of Nepal. Chhetri is the largest caste/ethnic groups having 16.6% (4,398,053) of the total population followed by Brahman-Hill (12.2% ; 3,226,903).". These were adapted by Kshetri community which includes exhibition of bravery and skill, prohibition of escaping any war, giving charity and Hindu governance. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. They speak Nepali, which is the country's official language. There is a belief that people from the same Gotra descended from a common ancestor. Much of the previously animist/tribal Khas population of the western Nepal region acquired the 'Chhetri' status in the 1850s with the proclamation by the Rana Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana, making Chhetris the most populous caste/tribe of Nepal. It was an attempt to include the entire Hindu as well as non-Hindu population of Nepal of that time into a single hierarchic civic code from the perspective of the Khas rulers. 1 (Feb., 1987), pp. Maithali language comes in the second position because it is spoken by 12.30% people of the total Nepalese. According to popular belief and various historical sources Sthiti Malla first codified the Newar caste system in the Nepal Arthasastra in the 14 th century. Most surnames under Atreya Gotra includes Dawadi, Paudel, Rosyara, Sigdel, Sharma, Thapa, Bhatta, Duwadi, Aryal, Devkota, Dulal, Kalikote, Khadka, Pokharel. The villages consist of loosely grouped homes surrounded by farm land. In 1951AD, democracy was established and Kshetri rule were stopped. The Nepalese have many racial, cultural, and linguistic similarities to the people of northern India. In 1854, early in the period of Rana rule, a National Legal Code (Muluki Ain) was proclaimed that laid out detailed codes for inter-caste behavior and specified punishments for their infringement.[11]. 38,193. Lixoti He had not sufficient money to pursue his goals. It describes the folk culture of any caste and particular tribes. Kshetris celebrate many Hindu festivals like Dashain (Dussehra), Tihar (Deepawali), Maghe Sankranti, Janai Purnima, Holi, etc. - Few evangelicals and few who identify as Christians. In the Dewali Puja, Kshetris of the same clan give male goat sacrifices at a particular place. 691. Other data may have varying ages. Contact: maya@lifeofus.net. If a Brahmin marry Baishya(Mongoloids, Chettri, Newars etc) then the couple automatically considered . He was the oldest Vedic Rishi and the teacher of the Hindu figure Ram. 12,114 and Muslim ranks the lowest, Rs.11,014'[22] The democratic transitions also failed to be inclusive management and functioning governance mainly because government was unable to understand and articulate the spirit of all Nepalese people irrespective of their caste, gender, ethnicity, and religion. Another gotra Kashyap came to be from Rishi Kashyap. Patan Academy of Health Sciences. Different surnames are Lohani, Dudh Pokharel, Panthi, Panta, Niraula, Wagle, Pandey, Subedi, Thapaliya, Jamarkattel, Shiwakoti. Am Gai. (2011). It comprises 126 types of castes and small types of ethnic groups. Then the mans special relationship with his ideals is raised, a special place in this mandala also has three species of animals associated with man a cow, a dog and a crow. For now lets just take a look at the castes and their sub-castes (surnames) in hopes that someday, we will all be one single flower with many variants. Newar lowest occupational castes Dom, Podhya, Chyamaha/Chandala, etc. Class, Caste or Location? The mothers communities continue to suffer from caste-based were included in the study if . [3] On 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,[4] ending the period of the Hindu Kingdom. The mother tongue of these groups is Kumaoni, Nepali and its dialects like Baitadeli and Doteli. - Few evangelicals, but significant number who identify as Christians. They are recognized for their bravery and administrative skills. If you want to get more content related to this tell us in the comment section below. Related Articles. Often the relationship is with a person from another village and usually the parents use the intermediary. For military and ruling class in Hinduism, see.
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