Properties of Steam 3. View Answer, 4. 4. u qV5cohmM X._S]6N7gA|^|&K]L}A|M/?{L_ WebSteam used by food processors commonly falls into two broad categories. Saturated steam is not wet steam. WebThis set of Energy Engineering Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on Geothermal Energy. % Please read AddThis Privacy for more information. If heat is added to the wet steam temperature _________ WebThe steam dryness fraction is used to quantify the amount of water within steam. II) Volume a) liquid surface having contact with atmosphere c) raises after sometime It is said to be a two-phase mix: steam In this diagram, the evaporation lines bc at all pressure can be divided into ten equal parts. Sometimes sensible heat is called the liquid heat or liquid enthalpy. (c) Latent heat or enthalpy of evaporation hfg, (f) Volume of dry and saturated steam: V = Vg, (g) Volume of superheated steam: Vsup = Vsat x (Tsup/Tsat) = Vg x (Tsup/Tsat). The steam table for compressed water also exists for a wide range of temperature and pressure values, here only a limited range is being discussed. Internal Energy and Entropy 5. 4 0 obj 3.13. The area of the chart to the right of the dry steam represents superheated steam, and is known as the area of superheat, or superheat region. The external work done during this stage = P (vg vf). WebTo download mp3 of The Process Of Wet Steam Formation Is Called, just follow This offer cannot be coupled with almost every other offer. Method of linear interpolation to find, say, enthalpy at 10.2 bar pressure. b) decreases immediately Difference between two values at 10 and 10.5 is 772.03 762.61 = 009.42 kJ/kg. When steam is superheated, its temperature is known and when its pressure is known the enthalpy of 1 kg of steam can be obtained by the use of the formula given below: where Hsup = enthalpy of 1 kg of superheated steam, hfg = enthalpy of vaporization 1 kg of dry saturated steam, Cp = mean specific heat of superheated steam at constant pressure. Content Filtration 6. M$H\qi "J;_Pw0->a4(bR)MZG^,L_gV, wGE,3w4d=Z6bM{ NGL%39g2. The liquid form of water gets converted to gaseous phase called as steam. /XHeight 469 Question 139 1 / 1 pts Which of the following is correct regarding a wave in the open ocean? The sun's heat causes water to evaporate from streams, lakes, rivers, and oceans. d) none of the mentioned Coming back to steam table use, we can use either temperature tables or pressure tables. Theuse of dryness fraction allowus to know both the mass of dry steam and mass of water vapour. How Mechanical Traps Work: A Look at their Mechanism and Merits. Thus a complete T-S diagram for pressure P1 is shown in Fig. Sudden steam demand which leads to sudden boiling, presence of excessive foam filling the foam spare, and due to The temperature and pressure discussed in this article are under certain range only. It should be noticed that the area of the chart between the water line and the dry steam line represents wet steam. 4 0 obj Manage Settings This curve is known as the saturation liquid line or simply liquid line. Actually, the curve ce is a constant pressure line. 6. Sensible heat = hf (uf uo) + P (vf a). In steam turbines the formation of wetness causes additional dissipation, blade erosion, and corrosion problems. If the changes in internal energy are reckoned from 0C, u0 will be zero and we get sensible heat-. /FirstChar 0 It is prepared from water complying with the EPA National Primary Drinking Water Regulations, or with drinking water regulations of the European Union or of Japan, or with WHO drinking The region situated at left hand side of the saturation line is called as the sub cooled region. Match. In a throttling process, which of the following parameters remains constant? x[Q6~Gw")J6msH^EqpVF&!ihZE7!gW=%e"zK The superheated vapor can not exist in contact with the fluid, nor contain fluid particles. /Widths 12 0 R If you want to promote your products or services in the Engineering ToolBox - please use Google Adwords. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S>> The critical point C where the curve BC ends is a state where liquid and vapour are indistinguishable. WebIf the water content of the steam is 5% by mass, then the steam is said to be 95% dry and has a dryness fraction of 0.95. 9. Priming is caused by Presence of large amount of dissolved solids. Weba) Hardness should be below 0.2ppm. The enthalpy of superheated water is much higher than that of sub cooled water. (2) Heat engines (i.e. This process of wet steam formation is called priming. If this steam does not contain any particles of water in suspension, then it is called dry saturated steam. The slower the steam goes, the less boiler water it will take with it. Mollier Diagram or Total-Heat-Entropy or Enthalpy-Entropy Diagram (h-s Diagram). The candidates who will clear the exam will get a salary as per the Rs. So we are left with simply. Phase Diagram for a Pure Substance 6. Quality is represented in percentage but meaning is same as x. We have seen that for each liquid, a certain definite boiling point exists for each pressure. If we keep providing heat then ultimately at F superheated steam is obtained. endobj /Descent -250 Test. Boiling is initiated when the absolute pressure in a fluid reaches vapor pressure. Also the steam point is extremely sensitive to a change in pressure. When x = 1, the steam is said to be dry and saturated. Copyright 10. Common terms in connection with vapor and steam: Add standard and customized parametric components - like flange beams, lumbers, piping, stairs and more - to your Sketchup model with the Engineering ToolBox - SketchUp Extension - enabled for use with the amazing, fun and free SketchUp Make and SketchUp Pro .Add the Engineering ToolBox extension to your SketchUp from the SketchUp Pro Sketchup Extension Warehouse! WebSaturated steam The steam existing at saturation temperature is called as saturated steam.The resulting steam and water mixture is called as wet steam. 1,12,400/- pay scale. Now if we change the pressure then the boiling temperature also changes. These tables are to be used because vapours do not obey general gas law. This website uses cookies and third party services. Pure substance is a substance consisting only of a single molecular species such as He, H2, H2O or NH3, phases of these substances being different namely solid, liquid and gaseous. This process is repeated at numerous pressure and the point analogous to b and d duly noted, say down to point B. Google use cookies for serving our ads and handling visitor statistics. Corrosion B. July 4, 2022 July 4, 2022. Paper I of the SSC JE ME is scheduled to be conducted from 14th November 2022 to 16th November 2022. endobj If some of the heat energy is absorbed from the dry saturated steam, the steam becomes wet. Prohibited Content 3. The temperature of the triple point of water is the standard fixed point of thermometry. Wet steams causes corrosion. Steam and Gas Turbines Objective Questions, 250+ TOP MCQs on Wet and Supersaturated Steam and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Steam Tables and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Working of a Steam Turbines and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Steam & Gas Turbines Types and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Steam Condensers Daltons Law of Partial Pressure and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Steam Turbine Cylinders and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Heat and Steam Rate 2 and Answers, Steam and Gas turbines Questions Fundamentals of Thermodynamics and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Steam Generator Types I and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Quality or Dryness Fraction and Charts of Thermodynamics Properties and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Steam Nozzles Super Saturated Flow and Wilsons Line and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Steam Flow Through Nozzles and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Efficiencies in a Steam Power Plant 1 and Answers, Mechanical Engineering Steam Engines & Steam Turbines Terms and Definitions | Terminology | Meanings, 250+ TOP MCQs on Steam Turbines and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Fire Resisting Fluids in Steam Turbines and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Classification of Steam Turbines and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Steam Generator Types II and Answers, 250+ TOP MCQs on Measurement of Steam Quality and Answers. When steam is transported dryness fraction _________ At D which is boiling point of water. 3.14. Resistance of water dominating the steam is called as _______ WebDownload scientific diagram | Schematic diagram of the diffusion battery. 3.9. Superheat cannot be imparted to the steam whilst it is still in the presence of water, as In practice it is difficult to get an absolutely dry saturated steam if it is produced by boiling water, because some of water particles are carried away with the steam. qn[ /Subtype /TrueType Plagiarism Prevention 5. For dryness fraction, we have to do calculations but thats beyond the syllabus of BME. Uploader Agreement. How Bimetal-Type Thermostatic Steam Traps Work: A Look at their Mechanisms and Merits. IV) Melting point, According to the kinetic theory of gases, the absolute zero temperature is attained when. Boiling is the formation of vapor bubbles within a fluid. For super-heated steam, different table is given. We know that to determine the temperature of any system, the thermometer must be brought to thermal equilibrium with an arbitrarily chosen standard system in an easily reducible state. At the triple point of a pure substance, what is the number of degrees of freedom? Internal energy of steam. Fig. >> WebChapter 18: Hydro thermal systems: Wet steam systems. Fibre reinforced concrete provide better toughness to concrete. All particles are vaporized - any decrease in vapor temperature or increase in vapor pressure, condensates liquid particles in the vapor. <> By First Law of Thermodynamics as applied to non-flow process, heat supplied = change in internal energy + external work done by water. Conditions of Steam 2. Before uploading and sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. 10.8 with co-ordinates representing the absolute temperature and entropy. << Enthalpy-entropy (h-s) chart or Mollier called the heat of vapourisation. Equipment size can be decided, pipe systems can be perfectly designed. If saturated steam contains liquid particles, it is known as Wet Steam. The states B and C in Fig. When we heat water enough to a temperature of 100 degrees celsius, then the liquid temperature starts converting to gas or steam. /Descent -216 S7{cU(!X7=F,'!vs9:kJJp At this point, nucleation starts, the sub-cooled steam loses its latent heat, and very fine liquid droplets are formed. Because the heat added during this stage cannot be recorded by a rise in temperature on the thermometer, it is called Latent Heat (hidden heat) or heat of vaporization i.e., hfg. /Length 7763 3.15. Constant volume-specific heats of incompressible substances depend on ______. b) accumulation of condensate Vapor at the temperature of the boiling point corresponding to its pressure. We don't collect information from our users. When steam is transported dryness fraction _________a) increasesb) decreasesc) remains constantd) none of the mentionedAnswer: bClarification: When steam travels in pipeline its dryness fraction increases. The dryness fraction of steam is defined as the ratio of the mass of dry steam in a certain quantity of steam to the mass of total wet steam. Image Guidelines 4. A Temperature Entropy Chart (T-S Chart) is plotted in Fig. The tiny drops of water condense on the particles to form cloud droplets. It is generally denoted by the letter x. b) outlet of the boiler Flashcards. WebPriming: When steam is produced rapidly in boilers the steam velocity suddenly increases and some droplets of liquid water are carried along with steam. As the base of the diagram represents entropy of the steam, an adiabatic (isentropic) expansion will be represented by a vertical line. c) humidity in pipelines & accumulation of condensate Below given is the steam table for sub cooled water. Hydraulic water hammer is caused by _______ Repeat this for other pressure of steam and draw a curve through the points obtained. A throttling process is one in which the fluid is made to flow through a restriction, e.g. >> This vapour is known as steam. Mixture of steam and liquid water is called as _____ a) dry steam b) wet steam c) saturated steam d) none of the mentioned Answer: b Clarification: Mixture of steam and All Rights Reserved. c) pressurized water c) inlet of the boiler View Answer, 7. Disclaimer 8. Entropy is defined by the ______ law of thermodynamics. It helps minimize erosion of turbine blades and eliminates entrained water particles from turbine steam. 10.9. Entropy of superheated steam. /Type /FontDescriptor So you stand there at the tradeshow and watch this wonderful, glass-piped 1. Constant pressure lines are plotted on the diagram through both the wet steam area and the superheat area. Webformation of steam and properties Imagine unit mass of ice below the freezing point, enclosed in a cylinder by a piston under a constant load of 1 atmosphere (1 atm. a) humidity in pipelines [507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 226 326 438 498 507 729 705 233 312 312 498 498 258 306 267 430 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 276 276 498 498 498 463 898 606 561 529 630 488 459 637 631 267 331 547 423 874 659 676 532 686 563 473 495 653 591 906 551 520 478 325 430 325 498 498 300 494 537 418 537 503 316 474 537 246 255 480 246 813 537 538 537 537 355 399 347 537 473 745 459 474 397 344 475 344 498 498 507 498 258 316 435 711 498 498 401 1062 473 344 874 498 478 498 498 258 258 435 435 498 498 905 444 720 399 344 843 498 397 520 226 326 498 507 498 507 498 498 415 834 416 539 498 306 507 390 342 498 338 336 301 563 598 268 303 252 435 539 658 691 702 463 606 606 606 606 606 606 775 529 488 488 488 488 267 267 267 267 639 659 676 676 676 676 676 498 681 653 653 653 653 520 532 555 494 494 494 494 494 494 775 418 503 503 503 503 246 246 246 246 537 537 538 538 538 538 538 498 544 537 537 537 537 474 537 474] Before 1954 there were two fixed points . So, total heat content by steam is termed as its enthalpy. If the temperature of steam is 100C higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure of steam generation, we say that the steam has 100C of superheat. This condition of steam is obtained when it is cooled by its own expansion until it contains less heat energy than the saturated steam under the same conditions. b) erosion It contains just sufficient heat energy to maintain all of /StemV 165 stream /FontBBox [-519 -349 1263 1039] %PDF-1.5 Let this be represented by bf and be plotted to the same scale. Terms of Service 7. Wet steams causes corrosion.a) Trueb) FalseAnswer: aClarification: Wet steam may causecorrosionerosionhydraulic water hammer in pipelinesdestroy turbine blades etc. Steam has been a popular mode of conveying energy since the industrial revolution. Till now we had studied that it is very important to study and understand the properties of steam for proper utilization. On the other hand, when the vapor quality is equal to 1, it is referred to as the saturated vapor state or dry steam (single-phase). This is the difference for 0.5 bar pressure. 10.9. 3 0 obj Absolute zero temperature is taken as ______. As more heat is transferred, the temperature keeps rising until it reaches 100C. The term saturation means that water is in a equilibrium state. The term specific volume refers to the volume that one kg of steam occupies at a given pressure and temperature. At E we have converted all liquid into steam. b) decreases Calculations for the process are based on a formulation derived from the steady flow energy equation (SFEE), In this process there is no change in elevation soz2=z1, so the potential energy term is zero. The resulting steam and water mixture is called as wet steam. As water has liquid form, its gaseous form is called as steam. It should be noted that with vapours, other than steam, tables are prepared having their own reference states. We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. endobj Mechanical steam purifiers avoid a. 3. The water vapor rises. >> b) dry steam If water is allowed to accumulate, the overall effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced, and steam velocity can increase above the recommended limits. We can then find the dryness fraction from, Previous Years GATE Questions on Engineering Materials 2002-2011, Previous Years GATE Questions on Joining Process 2005-2011, Previous Years GATE Questions on Joining Process 2001-2004, Previous Years GATE Questions on Forming Process 2007-2013, Previous Years GATE Questions on Forming Process 2004-2006. Steam and Gas Turbines Multiple Choice Questions on Wet and Supersaturated Steam. Now, as we provide heat to the piece of ice, its temperature as well as enthalpy increases simultaneouslyuptopoint B. Report a Violation 11. In order to determine the properties of steam at some intermediate pressure between those given in tables, we interpolate assuming the linear relation between these values. The dryness fraction of a wet steam may also be defined as the amount of dry steam in unit amount of the steam. Since, the temperature again remains constant andenthalpykeepincreasing, the heat absorbed during this is latent heat of vaporization. If saturated steam contains liquid particles, then it is known as, If saturated steam does not contain any liquid particles, then it is known as. This can be observed as lower water boiling temperature at higher altitudes. >> geothermal energy, form of energy conversion in which heat energy from within Earth is captured and harnessed for cooking, bathing, space heating, electrical power generation, and other uses. It is the quantity of heat required to convert 1 kg of water at saturation temperature for a given pressure to one kg of dry saturated steam, at that pressure. Then first of all use temperature scale. It values of enthalpy will be positive and below the reference state values of enthalpy if given will be negative. /FontName /TimesNewRomanPSMT The smooth curve through all points b is the phase boundary for solid and liquid; points on this line represent all equilibrium mixtures of solid and liquid. 7. By First Law of Thermodynamics as applied to non-flow process, heat supplied = change in internal energy + external work done. Usually steam contains particles of liquid particles, but at certain temperatures the liquid particles also evaporate to become steam. W =0. WebWhen hard water is used in the boiler to convert it into soft water. Heat from Earths interior generates surface phenomena such as lava flows, geysers, fumaroles, hot springs, and mud pots. WebThe History of Steam Traps #2. Experimentally, accurately determined, values are tabulated in tables that are called as Steam tables. It is denoted by x. The difference (tsup tsat) is called the degree of superheat, e.g., steam at a pressure of 10 bar has a saturation temperature of 179.9C and if the temperature of steam is 200C the degree of superheat is 200 179.9 = 20.1C. The process of producing energy by utilizing heat trapped inside the earth surface is called _________. Report a Violation 11. AddThis use cookies for handling links to social media. Steam Turbine Governers, Regulators & Performance, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers, Prev - Steam and Gas Turbines Questions and Answers Divergence and Position Angles, Next - Steam and Gas Turbines Questions and Answers Nozzle Discharge Coefficients and Calculations, Certificate of Merit in Steam and Gas Turbines, Steam and Gas Turbines Certification Contest, Steam Turbines Questions and Answers Parsons Number and Quality Factor, Steam Turbine Questions and Answers Working of a Steam Turbines, Steam Turbines Questions and Answers Fire Resisting Fluids in Steam Turbines, Gas Turbines Question and Answers Usage of Cryogenics in Gas Turbines, Steam Turbines Questions and Answers Steam Turbine Cylinders, Steam and Gas Turbines Questions and Answers Cooling of Gas Turbine Blades, Steam Turbines Questions and Answers Automatic Extraction Turbines, Steam and Gas Turbines Questions and Answers Impulse Turbine Blade Profile, Steam and Gas Turbines Questions and Answers Fuel Injection, Atomization and Combustion Chamber, Steam and Gas Turbines Questions and Answers Losses in Reaction Blade Passages, Chemical Process Calculation MCQ Questions, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning MCQ Questions. a) dry steam Saturated steam is pure steam at the temperature that corresponds to the boiling temperature of water at the existing pressure. Before studying about steam table of water, we will first understand the meaning of steam table, steam and its properties. /FontBBox [-568 -307 2046 1040] a) Hydrothermal energy. The steam table exists for a wider range of pressure and temperature values, here only a limited range is discussed. Let us discuss abut different types of steam in the section given below. If heat is supplied to the saturated vapour and to the liquid with which it is in contact, more liquid evaporates Any increase in temperature will convert the vapour-liquid mixture to pure vapour and any decrease in temperature will convert the vapour-liquid mixture into liquid. WebSteam which is formed in contact with water is known as saturated steam. %R$U#J>=~TESIJ&_GLUvyv$2.TcvQ?2gIs#/y.NEq+)Q ?r6E`47_ S\TFO/&B6j8X~-c&6(d|FDv]amJ+5`%XcV{:Sc?=a-X^W~E_e"Se.m6s.t40IP1]0a+ZhG-D"ehh11tS5(btIVp%?+}m{ . -;-mg/|;-eJ?MX)aoQ>%j/_OLB\I2`u^q7qb]?Q!|~Y"-df$8[5h87a G.XZe,h8d~ohk0zb4E5b)auv'x.$\s_]!Di /FirstChar 0 The temperature TC here is called the critical temperature and the corresponding pressure is the critical pressure (PC). The difference between two specific heats, \({C_p} - {C_v} = \frac{R}{J}\). Corrosion b. Priming c. Sometimes it is also called water line and will give the values of Sf at all temperatures and pressure. We don't save this data. d) none of the mentioned lower water boiling temperature at higher altitudes, Properties of Saturated Steam - Imperial Units, a vapor is a substance in gaseous state - at a condition where it is ordinarily a liquid or a solid, increased pressure above a liquid - reduces evaporation. If 1 kg of wet mercury vapour contains 0.12 kg of droplets of liquid mercury, it has a dryness fraction of (1 0.12) = 0.88. WebThe wet bulb temperature of air is also measured by the ordinary thermometer, but the only difference is that the bulb of the thermometer is covered by the wet cloth. 5. When the clouds are full of water, or saturated, they release some of the water as rain. You can target the Engineering ToolBox by using AdWords Managed Placements. /Type /Font Compressed fluid means it is under a mechanical or thermodynamic condition that forces it to be below saturation conditions. This steam has no liquid water particles in it. 6. The total heat content of a substance is called enthalpy. Because of the heat of water, the pressure at the heat-transfer surface is slightly higher than the x^]Y7~AU$\`1!=[2yeV[[?c.$3+Yd3UU_Sse+~tw~M9v/@Uc?WG/_5yst?G?s$ac':zZy?s_ TCGpG_]U12NsV0SW{~kaJFiZ2:5hSwxmx^U1?KcdSg6k[BhkOfX0zeL{m3mC[l#^=zd4lkzxXlJk9cO==bEShZ[6;~h=E+.ck'>/4sZ"fFQP/I9H(P% Temperature of the ordinary air measured by the thermometer when it is covered by wet cloth or wick is called as the wet bulb temperature, commonly referred to as WBT. Prohibited Content 3. Wet steam will have lower usable Wet Steam: When steam contains water particles then it is known as Wet steam Dry Steam: When wet steam is further heated then all water particles get Webwet steam formation is called as. endobj Supersaturated steam is also called as _________ Resistance of water dominating the steam is called as _______a) hydraulic water hammerb) erosionc) contaminationd) none of the mentionedAnswer: bClarification: Resistance of water hammer dominating steam is called erosion. The types of steam are-. If we know the temperature and the pressure in the expansion chamber then we can tell if all of the steam has changed to vapour. /FontDescriptor 5 0 R In Fig. This diagram is not used in practice but is useful in general to study the property relations and the vapour behaviour. Account Disable 12. /BaseFont /Calibri It is always, preferable to refer to the tables for accurate values. Entropy of wet steam. This process goesuptoE. The process of wet steam formation is called Priming. IT means that the temperature T4 (i.e. Steam may occur in any one of the following three conditions: (i) Saturated steam which may be either dry or wet. This pressure is caused by the weight placed on piston and pressure of atmosphere. When the vapor quality is equal to 0, it is the saturated liquid state (single-phase). 1. In order to determine the properties of steam at some pressure between those given in tables, we interpolate assuming the linear relation between these values. Consider one kg of water at 0C and pressure p. Let heat be added so that the temperature increases to saturation temperature corresponding to pressure p. Here the temperature changes.
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